{"id":10036,"date":"2021-05-25T15:41:02","date_gmt":"2021-05-25T13:41:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/visitdistrikt.rs\/?p=10036"},"modified":"2021-05-25T15:41:02","modified_gmt":"2021-05-25T13:41:02","slug":"stories-of-the-novi-sad-cemeteries","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/visitdistrikt.rs\/en\/2021\/05\/25\/stories-of-the-novi-sad-cemeteries\/","title":{"rendered":"Silent Witnesses and Memory Keepers: Stories of the Novi Sad Cemeteries"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Novi Sad cemeteries, protected cultural monuments, history witnesses and memory keepers \u2013 they hide many stories of the city\u2019s history.<\/strong><br \/>\n<!--more--><\/p>\n<p><span>When he arrived at the railway station in Novi Sad, on 4 January 1890, <strong>Mi\u0161a Dimitrijevi\u0107<\/strong> couldn\u2019t even imagine what kind of destiny awaited him. On Tucindan, an Orthodox holiday, a bloody fight happened. The owner and editor-in-chief of the <em>Branik<\/em> newspaper died on that day. <strong>Ja\u0161a Tomi\u0107<\/strong> swung his hunting knife, cutting Dimitrijevi\u0107\u2019s winter coat, blazer, shirt, undershirt and the aorta.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>\u2018Is the train here yet? We must go,\u2019 were Dimitrijevi\u0107\u2019s last words. He died shortly after on the railway platform.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Six weeks prior to <strong>Milica Mileti\u0107<\/strong> and <strong>Ja\u0161a Tomi\u0107<\/strong>\u2019s marriage, she wrote to her first fianc\u00e9 <strong>Branko Petrovi\u0107<\/strong>, telling him to marry her as soon as possible. The shocking thing in this letter and the thing that also led to tragedy was Milica\u2019s promise to Branko that she\u2019ll make him the editor-in-chief of the <em>Zastava<\/em> newspaper. The engagement was called off soon after, and Ja\u0161a Tomi\u0107, as Milica\u2019s husband, became chief editor. Milica\u2019s letter stained Tomi\u0107\u2019s career in politics and journalism. Both of them were the object of ridicule in Novi Sad and Zrenjanin. Before the tragedy happened, Tomi\u0107 published a text called \u2018To Shut Them Up\u2019 because he wanted to deal with Dimitrijevi\u0107 publicly, inviting him to publish the letter in <em>Branik<\/em>. Dimitrijevi\u0107 didn\u2019t publish it, but in his last article, in addition to his sharp response to Tomi\u0107, he invited the readers to come to the editorial board and read it. Angry and hurt, Tomi\u0107 challenged Dimitrijevi\u0107 to a duel, but he declined it. On 4 January, on his way from work, Ja\u0161a Tomi\u0107 spotted Dimitrijevi\u0107 driving in a fiacre with his wife. Tomi\u0107 grabbed his <em>hir\u0161fenger<\/em>, a bayonet, and started following them.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Mi\u0161a Dimitrijevi\u0107 was buried on Christmas day in the Alma\u0161 Cemetery, one of the most beautiful and most interesting cemeteries, in terms of history. It is located in Peace Square and represents the eternal home to many important people, people that worked in the field of culture or science; professors, engineers, artists, as well as highly respected citizens of the merchant class. People had been buried in the Alma\u0161 Cemetery in the period from 1860 to 1974, when it was closed. The cemetery was proclaimed a cultural monument ten years later. The monument built to honor Mi\u0161a Dimitrijevi\u0107 has artistic and architectural value. In addition to this monument, there are monuments dedicated to <strong>Pavle Simi\u0107<\/strong>, a great Serbian painter, <strong>Teodor Mandi\u0107<\/strong>, PhD, a publicist and a politician; there is a tomb for the famous composer <strong>Isidor Baji\u0107<\/strong>, while the ktetor <strong>Platon Atanackovi\u0107<\/strong> was buried in the crypt of the chapel of the Saints Peter and Paul.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span>Editor-in-Chief of <em>Zastava<\/em> for Over Three Decades<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>After what happened, Ja\u0161a Tomi\u0107 was sentenced to life in prison, but the sentence was reduced to six years. Claiming Ja\u0161a only defended his wife\u2019s honor, the women of Novi Sad gathered three thousand signatures to free him. Mrs. <strong>Amalija Stratimirovi\u0107<\/strong> led the deputation. As <strong>Lazar Raki\u0107<\/strong> stated in his book <em>Ja\u0161a Tomi\u0107 (1856 \u2013 1922)<\/em>, Jakov Ja\u0161a Tomi\u0107 was a talented journalist and publicist. At the time, Serbs had more literate journalists than Ja\u0161a, but he stood out as the grandstanding one. The opposers admitted the fact that Ja\u0161a used demagogy to influence people. The Balkan Wars were extremely significant events in Tomi\u0107\u2019s biography. With his reports from the front lines, he caused great excitement and enthusiasm in Serbs who lived in the Kingdom of Hungary, giving hope to Serbia that the national question would finally be resolved. At the beginning of World War I, he was arrested and tortured, which worsened his already poor health. During his work in the Assembly in Novi Sad, Tomi\u0107 advocated the direct unification of Vojvodina and the Kingdom of Serbia in 1918, which opposed the ideas of certain politicians who thought of merging Vojvodina and the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes through Zagreb.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div id='gallery-1' class='gallery galleryid-10036 gallery-columns-2 gallery-size-full'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/visitdistrikt.rs\/media\/2021\/03\/IMG_9169UrosD-scaled.jpg'><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" src=\"https:\/\/visitdistrikt.rs\/media\/2021\/03\/IMG_9169UrosD-scaled.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Uspensko groblje\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-7648\" srcset=\"https:\/\/visitdistrikt.rs\/media\/2021\/03\/IMG_9169UrosD-scaled.jpg 2560w, https:\/\/visitdistrikt.rs\/media\/2021\/03\/IMG_9169UrosD-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/visitdistrikt.rs\/media\/2021\/03\/IMG_9169UrosD-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/visitdistrikt.rs\/media\/2021\/03\/IMG_9169UrosD-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/visitdistrikt.rs\/media\/2021\/03\/IMG_9169UrosD-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/visitdistrikt.rs\/media\/2021\/03\/IMG_9169UrosD-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/visitdistrikt.rs\/media\/2021\/03\/IMG_9169UrosD-1320x880.jpg 1320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-7648'>\n\t\t\t\tUspensko Cemetery\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/visitdistrikt.rs\/media\/2021\/03\/IMG_9171UrosD-scaled.jpg'><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" src=\"https:\/\/visitdistrikt.rs\/media\/2021\/03\/IMG_9171UrosD-scaled.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Uspensko groblje Novi Sad\" srcset=\"https:\/\/visitdistrikt.rs\/media\/2021\/03\/IMG_9171UrosD-scaled.jpg 2560w, https:\/\/visitdistrikt.rs\/media\/2021\/03\/IMG_9171UrosD-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/visitdistrikt.rs\/media\/2021\/03\/IMG_9171UrosD-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/visitdistrikt.rs\/media\/2021\/03\/IMG_9171UrosD-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/visitdistrikt.rs\/media\/2021\/03\/IMG_9171UrosD-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/visitdistrikt.rs\/media\/2021\/03\/IMG_9171UrosD-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/visitdistrikt.rs\/media\/2021\/03\/IMG_9171UrosD-1320x880.jpg 1320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n<p><span>Ja\u0161a Tomi\u0107 died on 22 October 1922 and was buried in the Uspensko Cemetery, located in Novosadskog Sajma Street. Besides the monument dedicated to Ja\u0161a Tomi\u0107, the cemetery encompasses numerous architecturally interesting monumental tombstones, as well as a couple of tombs of notable people who contributed to the political, social and cultural history of Novi Sad. There are also monuments to the members of the White \u00e9migr\u00e9 who moved to Novi Sad after the October Revolution in 1917, with epitaphs written mainly in Russian. The epitaphs, as well as personal destinies of those who passed away, are particularly interesting. Just like other historical cemeteries, the Uspensko Cemetery was active until 1974. It was opened for burials again in 1991, but under special circumstances only.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span>To paraphrase the famous poet Jovan Jovanovi\u0107 Zmaj, it\u2019s better for the ideals to bury their people than for people to bury their ideals<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span>When Mi\u0161a Dimitrijevi\u0107 declined the duel, Ja\u0161a Tomi\u0107 bought two knives, but he threw them away at <strong>Jovan Jovanovi\u0107 Zmaj<\/strong>\u2019s suggestion. Zmaj was a dear friend of the Mileti\u0107 family, he was also Milica\u2019s father, <strong>Svetozar Mileti\u0107<\/strong>, best man. Unfortunate circumstances brought them together. Zmaj had five children, all five of them died, including the adopted daughter, while Mileti\u0107 also lost four of his own. Zmaj was Mileti\u0107\u2019s dearest and most loyal friend, Zmaj never left his side.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Alongside numerous works, the poetry books <em>\u0110uli\u0107i<\/em> and <em>\u0110uli\u0107i uveoci<\/em> marked Zmaj\u2019s life. The first one talks about the happy life, the second talks about the pain you feel for those you love the most. The death of his sons <strong>Mirko<\/strong>, <strong>Sava<\/strong> and <strong>Jug<\/strong>, daughters <strong>Tijana<\/strong> and <strong>Smilja<\/strong>, changed the poet\u2019s life forever. His wife <strong>Ru\u017ea<\/strong> couldn\u2019t stand the pain, she died shortly after. Jovan Jovanovi\u0107 Zmaj marked the time he lived in with everything he did and achieved; he was the initiator of children\u2019s poetry, member of the Serbian Royal Academy of Sciences, part of the board of directors of the Serbian Radical Party, honorary doctor of the Pest University, editor of newspapers Neven and Zmaj. On 12 June 1904, he turned 70 and died two days later. Upon his wish, the funeral was modest. There was an ordinary wooden coffin with \u2018\u010cika Zmajova\u2019 engraved on it. He was buried in Sremska Kamenica, in the Kameni\u010dko Cemetery (sr. <em>Kameni\u010dko groblje<\/em>) which encompasses both the Orthodox and Catholic cemeteries. People from Sremska Kamenica probably used to have cemeteries in the old village of Mala Kamenica, dating back to the Ottoman Empire. Based on the preserved monuments, it is believed that the current cemetery was built in the 18th century. In addition to Zmaj, the painter <strong>Novak Radoni\u0107<\/strong> was also buried in this cemetery.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span>Cemeteries are proof of life, not desolation \u2013 nine protected burial grounds in Novi Sad<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span>In addition to the Alma\u0161 and Uspensko cemeteries, Avijati\u010darsko, Jevrejsko (en. <em>Jewish Cemetery<\/em>), Rusinsko (en. <em>Ruthenian Cemetery<\/em>), Nazarensko (en. <em>Nazarenes Cemetery<\/em>), Reformatorsko i Evangelisti\u010dko (en. <em>Reformed and Evangelical cemeteries<\/em>), Nema\u010dko (en. <em>German Cemetery<\/em>) and Roman Catholic Cemetery are also proclaimed cultural monuments.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>The military or aviation cemetery (sr. <em>Avijati\u010darsko groblje<\/em>) was formed in 1923 when the Ikarus aircraft factory was founded in Novi Sad. Burials in this cemetery stopped and the plot was ceded to the Catholic cemetery. Few monuments have been preserved; among them are monuments to the airmen of the First Airborne Regiment who lost their lives while performing their military duty \u2013 <strong>Sre\u0107ko \u0160etnik<\/strong>, <strong>Vjekoslav Nikolja\u010di\u0107<\/strong>, <strong>Ludvig Demaro\u0161<\/strong> and <strong>Ive<\/strong>, whose last name remained unknown.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>The Jewish cemetery is located in Do\u017ea \u0110er\u0111a Street. It was built at the beginning of the 19th century, and was closed down in 1974, only to be reopened for burials after ten years. Before this one, there used to be two Jewish cemeteries in Novi Sad. The first cemetery was located on the corner of Mihajlo Pupin Boulevard and Kralja Aleksandra Street. It was built in 1717 and closed in 1749. After that, the Jews were buried in the cemetery in Aleksa \u0160anti\u0107a Street, and since the last century in Do\u017ea \u0110er\u0111a Street again. There are family monuments of special artistic and architectural value. There is a very valuable monument to the victims of fascist terror as well. The Jewish cemetery is under the protection of the Institute for Protection of Cultural Monuments of Novi Sad.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id='gallery-2' class='gallery galleryid-10036 gallery-columns-2 gallery-size-full'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/visitdistrikt.rs\/media\/2021\/03\/IMG_9160UrosD-scaled.jpg'><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" src=\"https:\/\/visitdistrikt.rs\/media\/2021\/03\/IMG_9160UrosD-scaled.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Alma\u0161ko groblje Novi Sad\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-2-7650\" srcset=\"https:\/\/visitdistrikt.rs\/media\/2021\/03\/IMG_9160UrosD-scaled.jpg 2560w, https:\/\/visitdistrikt.rs\/media\/2021\/03\/IMG_9160UrosD-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/visitdistrikt.rs\/media\/2021\/03\/IMG_9160UrosD-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/visitdistrikt.rs\/media\/2021\/03\/IMG_9160UrosD-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/visitdistrikt.rs\/media\/2021\/03\/IMG_9160UrosD-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/visitdistrikt.rs\/media\/2021\/03\/IMG_9160UrosD-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/visitdistrikt.rs\/media\/2021\/03\/IMG_9160UrosD-1320x880.jpg 1320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-2-7650'>\n\t\t\t\tAlma\u0161 Cemetery\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/visitdistrikt.rs\/media\/2021\/03\/IMG_9157UrosD-scaled.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" src=\"https:\/\/visitdistrikt.rs\/media\/2021\/03\/IMG_9157UrosD-scaled.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Alma\u0161ko groblje Novi Sad\" srcset=\"https:\/\/visitdistrikt.rs\/media\/2021\/03\/IMG_9157UrosD-scaled.jpg 2560w, https:\/\/visitdistrikt.rs\/media\/2021\/03\/IMG_9157UrosD-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/visitdistrikt.rs\/media\/2021\/03\/IMG_9157UrosD-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/visitdistrikt.rs\/media\/2021\/03\/IMG_9157UrosD-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/visitdistrikt.rs\/media\/2021\/03\/IMG_9157UrosD-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/visitdistrikt.rs\/media\/2021\/03\/IMG_9157UrosD-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/visitdistrikt.rs\/media\/2021\/03\/IMG_9157UrosD-1320x880.jpg 1320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n<p><span>here is a Ruthenian or Greek Catholic cemetery on Kralja Petra Boulevard I, encompassing 650 graves. It was formed in 1860 and put out of use in 1974, as was the Jewish one. The teacher and prominent Ruthenian educator <strong>Osif Fa<\/strong> (1882 &#8211; 1971) and the famous priest and writer <strong>Jovan Hranilovi\u0107<\/strong> (1855 &#8211; 1924) were buried in this cemetery.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>The Nazarenes Cemetery is located in Kisa\u010dki put. Judging by the small number of preserved monuments, the cemetery was built in the 19th century, and was closed in 1974. It was protected, like all old cemeteries, in 1984, by the Institute for the Protection of Cultural Monuments. It was then decided that no burials should be held in this cemetery, but that urns could be laid.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Reformed (Calvinist) and Evangelical Cemetery is placed within the Catholic Cemetery, separated from the Roman Catholic one by a triumphal arch and has five thousand burial places. It was built in 1860 and closed in 1974. After ten years, it was placed under the protection of the Institute for the Protection of Cultural Monuments. Here lie the priest, publicist and historian of Novi Sad, <strong>Gabriel Belohorski<\/strong>, lawyer and politician <strong>Miklo\u0161 Krno<\/strong>, PhD, teacher <strong>Andrej Laco<\/strong>, writer and pedagogue <strong>Jano\u0161 Neme\u0161anji<\/strong>, doctor, founder of the Pasteur Institute and world-famous radiologist doctor <a href=\"https:\/\/visitdistrikt.rs\/en\/2021\/01\/18\/the-streets-of-novi-sad-dr-hempt-street\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Adolf Hempt<\/strong><\/a>, as well as the Honved colonel <strong>Fri\u0111e\u0161a \u0160najder<\/strong>, whose family is the oldest German family in Novi Sad.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>At the complex of the Catholic Cemetery in Novi Sad, which is located on the stretch of Futo\u0161ka Street and Vojvode Kni\u0107anina Street, there is a German Cemetery as well. There is a common grave in this cemetery, in which the remains of 33 German soldiers rest. In 2007, according to the Program of Revitalization of All Old Cemeteries taken care of by the JKP Lisje, works were carried out under the supervision of the Institute for the Protection of Cultural Monuments.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>The Roman Catholic Cemetery was built in 1860. It is located in Futo\u0161ka Street, across from Jodna Banja, a spa resort. No funerals were held at the Catholic Cemetery since 1974. In 1991, this cemetery was also reopened for burial. The chapel at the Roman Catholic Cemetery was built in 1875, as an endowment of <strong>Elizabeth<\/strong> and <strong>Leopold Guker<\/strong>, which is noted on the medallion above the entrance portal. This cemetery is home to a large number of famous people of the Roman Catholic, Evangelical and Reformed faiths, who were important for the history of Novi Sad. Some of them include the great \u017eupan Feliks Par\u010deti\u0107, Hungarian officer and nobleman <strong>Miklo\u0161 Estergomi<\/strong>, doctor and nobleman Dr. <strong>Vilmo\u0161 Vilt<\/strong>, one of the founders and first manager of Jodna Banja in Novi Sad. There is also the tomb of the <strong>Grosinger<\/strong> family, famous Novi Sad pharmacists. In addition to these magnificent monuments, a large number of graves of prominent persons from various spheres of culture, art, education and sports have been put under the protection as well.<\/p>\n<p>With his poetry, Zmaj reminds us that life and death are inseparable, as we wouldn\u2019t be here if it wasn\u2019t for our ancestors.<\/p>\n<p>Cemeteries represent the eternity and the perseverance of a nation, as well as the memory of good and brave people who must not fall into oblivion. Cemeteries write history. They connect tradition and collective spirit, they connect the past, the present and the future. They are not places of darkness.<\/p>\n<p><em>Author: Gala Gajin<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Photo: Uro\u0161 Do\u017ei\u0107<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Novi Sad cemeteries, protected cultural monuments, history witnesses and memory keepers \u2013 they hide many stories of the city\u2019s history.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":7652,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[313,310],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Silent Witnesses and Memory Keepers: Stories of the Novi Sad Cemeteries<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Novi Sad cemeteries, protected cultural monuments, history witnesses and memory keepers \u2013 they hide many stories of the city\u2019s history.\" \/>\n<meta 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